Organic synthesis in ionic liquids a report submitted for the degree of m. Sheremetev workshop on advances energetic materials synthesis university of maryland 0306. Ionic liquids in heterocyclic synthesis marcos ap martins, clarissa p. Application of ionic liquids in organic synthesis rex x. The work described in this report was carried out under the supervision of dr.
Ionic liquids are ionic compounds which are liquid below 100 c. Brief history of ionic liquids the history of ionic liquids began in 1914. Improving co 2 n 2 separation performance using nonionic. This book assembles several new methodologies that are interdisciplinary by nature, discussing the unique properties of ionic liquids and the ways in which they induce significant solvent effects on a wide range of pf processes. School of chemical sciences dublin city university dublin 9. In fact, the il monomer, t g, and crosslink density are the key factors controlling the pil ionic conductivity, which is indeed the most. They are available at largescale quantities and can be handled successfully on an industrial scale in chemical processes. Applications of ionic liquids in synthesis and catalysis. This synthesis offers considerable promise as an efficient and orthogonal method to construct structurally diverse imidazolium. Synthesis, purification and characterization of ionic liquids. In general, the pil properties are significantly tunable during the synthesis process. Tom welton studied at the university of sussex, graduating with a bsc hons in chemistry in 1985 and completed his dphil, under the guidance of prof. Ionic liquids containing block copolymer based supramolecules.
The intrinsic properties of ionic liquids make purification difficult and therefore a special emphasis is. Zelinsky institute of organicchemistry russian academy of sciences. Methods of synthesis and purification of ionic liquids. These materials are good electrolytes for use in batteries, 3 fuel cells, 4 metal deposition, 5 and electrochemical synthesis of nanoparticles. The second, completely revised and enlarged edition of what has become the standard reference work in this fascinating field brings together the latest developments, supplemented by numerous practical tips, providing those working in both research and industry with an indispensable source of information. Ionic liquids in the chemical synthesis of pharmaceuticals. The reaction conditions involved equimolar amounts of 1 and 2. Ren max tishler laboratory of organic chemistry, department of chemistry, wesleyan university, middletown, ct 06459 our research is aimed at development of reactive and non reactive ionic liquids for new synthetic organic methodologies. Synthesis and toxicity studies of imidazoliumbased ionic. Synthesis, properties and applications of dicationic ionic. The ionic liquid itself can act as an electronic as well as a. Selfassembly of nonionic surfactants into lyotropic liquid. In general they consist of a bulky organic cation and a weaklycoordinating anion figure 1. Polyethylene glycol as a nonionic liquid solvent for the synthesis.
The first reported mcr was streckers synthesis of racemic amino acids in the 1850s. Synthesis of gold nanoparticles stabilised by ionic liquids. The synthesis of metal nanoparticles mnps in ionic liquids ils can start from metals, metal salts, metal complexes and in particular metal carbonyls and can be carried out by chemical reduction, thermolysis, photochemical, microwave irradiation, ultrasound induced decomposition. The chlorocupratei ionic liquids are particularly sensitive to oxygen and have not found widespread use in. Us8778689b1 synthesis and use of chiral ionic liquids. Synthesis of hydrophobic ionic liquids for electrochemical applications.
Ionic liquids are able to offer outstanding properties as media for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Being designer solvents, they can be modulated to suit the reaction conditions, therefore earning the name task specific ionic liquids. For example, pvp polynvinyl2pyrrolidone has been used for nanoparticles synthesis in ionic liquids,21 in addition, thiolfunctionalized ionic liquids22 and ionic liquids like copolymers23 have been developed to stabilize ionic liquid soluble nanoparticles. Ionic liquids in organic synthesis brings together leading scientists who have made major contributions to the field of ionic liquids. Synthesis of imidazoliumbased ionic liquids with linear and. Synthesis and application of poly ionic liquid based on cardanol. Ionic liquids have been studied for a wide range of synthetic applications and have attracted considerable interest for use as electrolytes in the areas of organic synthesis, catalysis, solar cell, fuel cells, electrodeposition and supercapacitors.
The procedure described allows the synthesis of hydrophobic ionic liquids with the purity. Synthesis and properties of polymerized ionic liquids. The low surface tension of many ionic liquids leads to high nucleation rates and, in consequence, to small particles. This leads to different properties from classical solvents, like a negligible vapor pressure. Coordination chemistry in ionic liquids coordination in an ionic liquid with a strongly coordinating anion dissolved metal complexes form anionic species conceptually suitable for extraction of metals ionic liquids for inorganic and materials chemistry n f 3 c cf 3 o o h. The compounds and processes to make or use them are provided. Here we report an overview of synthesis of ionic liquids and their applications in organic chemistry e. Walden reported the first synthesis of room temperature molten salt i. Synthesis and performance of polymerizable roomtemperature.
Multicomponent reactions in ionic liquids ahmed al otaibi and adam mccluskey. We disclose the synthesis and use of chiral ionic liquids based on a substituted pentose, furanose, hexose, or pyranose sugar. Applications in heterocyclic synthesis 419 the first example shown here is the synthesis of aziridines 3 using ionic liquids from the reaction of imines 1 and eda ethyl diazoacetate 2 table 2 xia et al. Ren max tishler laboratory of organic chemistry, department of chemistry, wesleyan university, middletown, ct 06459 our research is aimed at development of reactive and nonreactive ionic liquids for new synthetic organic methodologies. Synthesis of imidazoliumbased ionic liquids with linear. Nonionic liquids those composed of molecules that do not dissociate into ions have negligible conductivities, but they are polarized by an electric field. Pdf solidification of fluidic ionic liquids into porous materials yields porous ionic networks that. Ionic liquid structureinduced effects on organic reactions. Synthesis of imidazolium roomtemperature ionic liquids. Catalyst free synthetic method was developed for di and tri substituted oxazoles from. Haddleton department of chemistry, university of warwick, coventry, cv4 7al, uk. The key parameters such as glass transition temperature t g, ionic conductivity, and thermal stability of pils can be controlled by the size and symmetry of counter ion. Block copolymer bcpbased supramolecules provide a versatile strategy to generate functional materials using noncovalent bond between small molecules and bcps. The chlorocupratei ionic liquids are particularly sensitive to oxygen and have not found widespread use in synthesis.
These ionic liquids are based on choline chloride vitamin b4 which is produced on the mtonne p. Also, functional ionic liquids referred task speci c ionic liquids tsil are. Pdf synthesis of di and trisubstituted oxazoles in nonionic. Ionic liquids are a new class of purely ionic, saltlike materials that are liquid at unusually low temperatures.
The key laboratory of food colloids and biotechnology, ministry of education, school of chemical and material engineering, jiangnan university, wuxi 214122, china. Sabnis department of chemistry, texas christian university, fort worth, tx 76129. Synthesis of 14ethenylphenylmethyl3alkylimidazolium. The final method for the synthesis of ionic liquids is direct combination of a halide salt with a metal halide. The ionic liquid itself can act as an electronic as well as a steric stabiliser and depress particle growth. Though primarily used as solvents, they are now finding applications in various fields like catalysis, electrochemistry, spectroscopy, and material.
Synthesis path for the preparation of ionic liquids. The intrinsic properties of ionic liquids make purification difficult and therefore a special emphasis is placed on currently employed purification methodologies. Ionic liquids in synthesis, volume 2 peter wasserscheid, thomas welton snippet view 2008. Pdf ionic liquids in heterocyclic synthesis marcos. Cationic dye removal from aqueous solutions using ionic liquid. Coordination chemistry in ionic liquids coordination in an ionic liquid with a strongly coordinating anion dissolved metal complexes form anionic species conceptually suitable for extraction of metals ionic liquids for inorganic and materials chemistry n f 3 c cf 3. A summary of the synthesis of ordered and disordered porous ionic liquidbased nanoparticles. Ionic liquids synthesis methodologies longdom publishing sl. Useful modifications to a previously reported synthesis of imidazolium roomtemperature ionic liquids rtils for the undergraduate organic chemistry teaching laboratory are reported. Ilcontaining supramolecules exhibit ordered structures in a wide range of. A dissertation in chemistry submitted to the graduate faculty of texas tech university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy approved chairperson of the committee accepted dean of the graduate school may, 2002.
Ionic liquids for electrochemical applications sigmaaldrich. Ionic liquids organic chemistry chemistry reaction spectroscopy thermodynamics. Synthesis and application of polyionic liquid based on cardanol as. The use of peg avoids the use of acidic or basic catalysts, and moreover peg could be recovered and reused. Synthesis and toxicity studies of imidazoliumbased ionic liquids by ninu madria a thesis presented to the faculty of the graduate school of the missouri university of science and technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree master of science in applied and environmental biology 2011 approved by. Schubert1,2,3 1 laboratory of macromolecular chemistry and nanoscience, eindhoven university of technology and. Preparation and applications of room temperature ionic. Have good shelf lifestay longer without decomposition conductivity. The examples discussed in this article demonstrate that ionic liquids are no longer just laboratory curiosities, but have shown to bring commercial value in chemical synthesis and separation technology.
Brief discussions on the classical synthetic routes are included with the focus directed to those ionic liquids with novel moieties and synthetic routes, since the start of the 2000s. Ionic liquids for inorganic and materials synthesis. The reaction conditions involved equimolar amounts of 1 and 2 in bmimpf6. The major synthetic routes to low melting ionic salts are described in detail. Ionic liquids il are salts with at least one organic cation. A new strategy in pharmaceutical synthesis tomasz siodmiak, micha piotr marsza and anna proszowska department of medicinal chemistry, collegium medicum in bydgoszcz, nicolaus copernicus university ul. Synthesis of energetic materials in ionic liquids nina n.
Synthesis and characterization of new ionic liquids 2. Currently, the official definition of ionic liquids uses the boiling point of water as a point of reference. Synthesis, properties and applications of dicationic ionic liquids. Solidification of fluidic ionic liquids into porous materials yields. Though primarily used as solvents, they are now finding applications in various fields like catalysis, electrochemistry, spectroscopy, and. Chiral ionic liquids may control stereoselectivity. Synthesis of imidazolium roomtemperature ionic liquids exploring green chemistry and click chemistry paradigms in undergraduate organic chemistry laboratory sergei v. Here, we report supramolecules composed of phenolcontaining ionic liquids ils hydrogen bonded to bcp, polystyreneblockpoly4vinylpyridine psbp4vp. His interest in ionic liquids dates back to this time and has continued throughout his career. Karkkainen, johanna, preparation and characterization of some ionic liquids and their use in the dimerization reaction of 2methylpropene faculty of science, department of chemistry, university of oulu, p.
Properties, and applications of ionic liquids by sergei v. We have recently developed a range of ionic compounds, which are fluid at room temperature. Ionic liquids have emerged as an environmentally friendly alternative to the volatile organic solvents. For example, pvp polynvinyl2pyrrolidone has been used for nanoparticles synthesis in ionic liquids,21 in addition, thiolfunctionalized ionic liquids22 and ionic liquidslike copolymers23 have been developed to stabilize ionic liquid soluble nanoparticles. Certificate this is to certify that the thesis entitled synthesis and characterization of ceramic nanofluids submitted by anubhav patra 111mm0398 and aditya narayan s. Roomtemperature ionic liquids rtils with polymerizable groups can be readily. It has also been demonstrated that nanoparticles stabilized by an. However, some ionic liquids suffer from more or less some. This is how the halogenoaluminateiii and the chlorocupratei ionic liquids are prepared. Nanoparticle synthesis in ionic liquids acs symposium.
171 736 163 241 1033 747 359 1547 1090 1310 627 94 126 990 1277 537 654 846 679 1036 350 1540 962 1246 181 1262 1368 160 414 388 852 792 799 1281 288 1570 1117 281 629 351 581 1293 1472 713 720